The Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) water treatment process is a physical and chemical technology for the effective removal of biological solids from a wide range of wastewaters to maintain environmental compliance and reduce trade effluent charges.
DAF systems reduce total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and fats, oils, and greases (FOG).
By mixing air with pressurised water, the refined DAF system creates micro-bubbles that attach to coagulated suspended solids, forming a floating sludge bed for removal, leaving clean discharge water.
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WCS Environmental Engineering offers full commissioning and training to customers with annual service contracts
The system is a physical process enhanced with chemical dosing which operates on a simple design philosophy. Incoming effluent can be screened to increase solids and COD reduction.
Adjustment of pH may also be necessary to ensure optimum operating conditions.
A
The effluent flows through the flocculator to be pH corrected and dosed with a coagulant and flocculant, entering the DAF cell and mixes with white-water (a combination of air and water mixed under pressure to form micro-bubbles.
B
As the white-water and effluent mix, the micro-bubbles attach to the colloidal matter and chemical flocculants within the effluent and move together forming larger flocs that float to the DAF surface.
C
The surface skimmer uses paddles to push the floating flocs (sludge) into the sludge hopper to be removed and sent to a separate sludge tank. The paddles have adjustable speeds or dwell times to reduce water entering the sludge hopper.
D1
As the flocs float, the solids free water is pushed down to the middle of the DAF cell, ready to be saturated back into white-water. This gives the DAF a constant supply of clean white-water without the expense of adding fresh potable water to the system.
D2
Where solids normally sink (sand, grit etc), they collect in the hopper and are removed via a manual or automated valve, dependent on the effluent.
E
The final treated “clean” effluent discharges to either drain or for further treatment.
DAF Technical datasheet
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